Assess the success of different methods used to overcome the imbalance between population and food supply

The term imbalance refers to a difference between the population's demands for food and the actual food supply. It is estimated that the current population of the earth is six billion people. There are two main theories that relate to population growth and food supply, these being the â€Å"Malthusian theory† and the â€Å"Boserup theory†. Thomas Malthus was an English clergyman and economist who lived from 1766 to 1834; Malthus expressed a pessimistic view over the dangers of overpopulation. He believed that the food supply was the main limiting factor to population growth. He also believed that human population increases geometrically whereas food supplies can only grow arithmetically. A Danish economist put the optimistic theory together in 1965 her name was Esther Boserup. She believed that an increase in population would stimulate technologists to increase food production. The sentence â€Å"Necessity is the mother of invention† sums up the Boserup theory. Agricultural Responses The green revolution is a worldwide agricultural movement but it all started in Mexico in 1944 and it involved the simultaneous development of 2 things; these include: > New varieties of food plants. > Altered agricultural practises that greatly increase crop yields. When the green revolution started in Mexico in 1944, it was importing half its wheat but twenty years later it was able to export half a million tons of wheat due to the green revolutions effectiveness. Even though in theory it achieved what it was set up to do it still had many disadvantages. Many farmers who invested heavily in the new technologies brought in from the western world found themselves laden with massive debts. An example of this is the Punjab area of India where the debt in rural areas has run to a staggering fifty billion rupees (à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½745 Million). Also excessive pumping has led to a drop in groundwater and the water has become saline. Other problems cased by the green revolution include: > Human population growth > Diminished â€Å"biodiversity† in crops > Inherent soil fertility and water quality > Pesticides > Land degradation Demographic Response A demographic response to over population is China's one child policy. This policy was brought in by the communist government in 1979 to try and reduce China's ever-growing population. To aid this policy they brought in a law limiting a couple to only have one child. There are exceptions to this law ethnic minority are formal exceptions and families that produce a child with a mental or physical disabilities are sometimes allowed to have a second child. There is also financial incentives for couples to remain childless of only have one child. This however has had some very serious implications these include: > Human rights issues > Female infanticide > Sex imbalance > Aging population The policy is also difficult to enforce in rural areas where the policy is more open to corruption as large families are needed to support their parents in old age. Sometimes pregnant women would even be sent to relatives so that a child would be unregistered. This policy has proven to be fairly successful as it has managed to reduce population growth so that the population is remaining stable however it has not managed to reduced the population and it is not meeting its targets. My conclusion is that both approaches to tackling this global problem have positives and negatives to be taken from them. But on the whole they are causing more problems than they are solving so therefore I believe that both solutions are failing.

Kinetic Chemistry

The name of the course: Kinetic Chemistry The student name : Wejdan Mohammed Al-Otaibi Teacher name :Razan SnariGroup namber :1The year : 2017/2018Spectrophotometry: is a device to measure the amount of light in the material used. This device consists of two parts: the first is the light source, and the second is the photometer . the work principle of this device : the liquid or material that we want to measure the elements inside is placed in a tub, this tube is then placed between the light source and the photometer . so that the amount of light passing through the sample is measured by photometer. When a photometer is exposed to light, it acquires or generates an electrical signal that changes with the amount of light absorbed by the liquid . this change in light absorption depends on the change in the concentration of the substance. the way work this device: this device it measures the absorption of light by liquid materials at different wavelengths, and thus can identify a number of unknown substances or calculate known concentrations of materials . 22288507372350 Stepped flow Technique:is a rapid mixing device, to study the kinetics of quick chemical reactions in solutions . this device contains two reactants which are kept in separate reservoirs and are prevented from flowing freely . the interaction starts by installing the reactants in the device. these materials are then released to the mixing chamber, which mixes these interacting materials , the reaction is then monitored by observing the change in the absorption of the reaction solution . When the reaction progresses, it fills the â€Å"stop syringe† that expands until it reaches the point at which the interaction reaches a continuous flow , thus stopping flow or interaction27527257162800Sodium reacts strongly and quickly with water and produces a solution of sodium hydroxide and hydrogen gas, a colorless solution. During the reaction sodium can be heated and It may ignite and burn with an orange flame . Hydrogen gas released during the combustion process reacts with oxygen in the air . the resulting solution is basic because of the melting of sodium in the water. this interaction between sodium and water is an exothermic reaction. sodium reaction with water is the closest to explosion. Na +2 H2O ?2 NaOH + H2. This search used this interaction and because it is fast, it uses the stepped-flow techniques method to control it Rate=-d[Na]dt=-12d[H2O]dt=12d[NaOH]dt+d[H2]dt Reverences:Physical chemistry for the life sciences –Thomas EngelCompendium of Chemical TerminologyPhysical chemistry for the life sciences-Peter Atkins , Julio De PaulaAdvances in standards and methodology in spectrophotometry ,K.D.Mielen

Liquidity Measurement Ratios

TESTS , the basic findings to be focused are the ratio analysis to generate company's profitability, liquidity and asset management. First of all let us focus on the liquidity measurement ratios that proves company's solvency In repaying debts and other liabilities. In comparison of 2013 & 2014, the Interpretation from current ratio can be drawn as higher the current ratio higher the capability of paying obligations. Here in our study the current ratio In 2013 Is less than 1 that Indicates the company has problems of paying.Comparatively In 2014 the ratio Is greater than 1 . The indication Is quite good. The quick ratio meets company's short term liabilities. The higher the ratio, higher the company's ability for repaying short term liableness. Here for both the year 2013 the quick ratio In associate with the current ratio Is almost zero. It has negative effect on company but for 2014 the quick ratio Is better. It Indicates company Is In good liquidly position and It has 2. 5 lulls a ssets to cover its current liability. Now In the phase of profitability analysis return on asset is better in 201 3 than 2014. E higher return on asset Shows Company earning more with less investment. If we look at the return on capital employed the 2014 data shows higher value than the 2013. It signifies company is employing its capital appropriately and generating shareholders value. From the above discussion we can conclude company's position from 2013 to 2014 is better irrespective of its solvency and capital generation as well as profitability growth. For forecasting companies income statement we can use few assumptions like revenue assumption,operating expenses, cost of revenue, operating margin assumption.By following the record for the past data the future income statement can be predicted. If we discuss them one by one we can have a clear idea. For revenue if we analyses the past year records it can be noticed its fluctuation year by year. In 2012 the company having higher position in revenue than its position from 2013 & 14. By observing the operating expenses we can have the higher data in 2014 than 201 3 and in 2012 the lowest data. The operating expenses shows in which area the company can curtail its expenses before damaging the company situation.

Levendary Case Study Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Levendary Case Study - Essay Example the entry process was not organized, an aspect that made it hard for the restaurant to establish its designs and menu in the market (Bartlet & Han, 2011). Foster should slowly establish Legendary Cafà © without interfering with the operations. This is to ensure that the loyal customers who are accustomed to the old designs are retained. However, the restaurant should first conduct a market research and establish the perception or feeling of the target market towards the proposed changed. This is to ensure that they are not affected, an aspect that can make them to shift their focus towards the competitors (Bartlet & Han, 2011). Mia Foster should give Chen the freedom to run the Chinese outlets. However, she should inform Chen that he must abide to the rules and regulations that have been set by the headquarters (Bartlet & Han, 2011). Therefore, even when he is making critical decisions, he should consider the overall goals of the whole restaurant. This is to ensure that the intervention does not affect Chen momentum in the Chinese market while also the goals of the restaurant in this market are being achieved. The headquarters should decentralize its authority and provides managers of subsidiaries with opportunity to make independent decision depending on the conditions in the market. This is to enable the restaurants serve the interests of the target market which are

Nursing case study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 2

Nursing - Case Study Example I would ensure that I educate the patient on how to respond to certain occurrences. This would help the patient to overcome serious instances that lead to heart attacks such as shortness of breath. I would also consider assessing the nutrition that the family is providing to the patient. Here, I would ensure that the patient is taking the appropriate diet especially one that would strengthen their body so as to improve blood pumping capabilities. Therapeutic exercises are also important in these cases (Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 2014). Therefore, as a professional, I would ensure that Mr. P undertakes exercises on a daily basis to further help in strengthening his body. These may help in eliminating the labored breaths that he experiences frequently. With regard to the despondence that Mr. P has developed, I would begin counseling sessions for him to change his perspectives on life, as this would be paramount to restoring his health. As for a treatment plan, I would recommend a disease management program. This is because currently, there is no known cure that can eliminate cardiomyopathy. However, it can be maintained and the symptoms can be suppressed to help the individual to lead a better life than how the situation would be if no treatment were offered. The disease management program would involve strategies that would help in relieving the existing complicating factors, stop the progression of the disease, and control the symptoms. When these aspects are addressed, the overall health for Mr. P would improve significantly. I would also recommend Mr. P to take specific medications to improve his situation. These include the medication that can reduce the exertion of his heart muscles, ease on the symptoms, and improve the ability for his heart to pump blood (The Johns Hopkins University, 2014). In as much as Mr. P would like to get out of the house, I would advise his wife to use caution with

Teaching in the Lifelong Learning Dissertation Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Teaching in the Lifelong Learning - Dissertation Example With the increasing internet usage, these individuals become left out due to lack of the necessary equipment and sufficient knowledge to engage in social media chats. The assessment requirements for the program include a diagnostic assessment aimed at establishing the students’ requirements, a formative assessment aimed at ensuring skill acquisition, and a summative assessment occurring at the end of the program to establish the achievements of the entire program. The various assessments all occur during the program, and ensure that the necessary corrections are included within the program for improvement. The purpose of the assessment is to collect sufficient information to enable the teacher to understand the requirements of the different students. The mental health challenges facing the individuals I teach present them with special educational requirements to understand the content of the various learning programs. An initial assessment is, therefore, fundamental in enablin g teachers to understand the students’ requirements, and to help them develop teaching programs seeking to satisfy these requirements (McMillan, 2009). A diagnostic assessment performed at the beginning of the program determines where the student shall be placed at beginning of the program. As individuals having impairment in cognitive skills, diagnostic assessment enables teachers to determine the beginning level for the various students. This occurs through providing questionnaires to the students at the beginning of the program to assess their cognitive capacity. The students are then placed according to the different cognitive capacities displayed. Principles of assessment The principles of assessment are inclusive of many elements aimed at providing overall efficiency in establishing the outcome of an educational learning program. These principles consider many elements of the students, and their skills as well (Gravells, 2011). The principles seek to offer sufficient ca pacity and opportunities for students to learn through assessment. By understanding the students’ capability, students are challenged to pursue what they do not understand, consequently, increasing their capability to learn. When I will be designing the assessment, I will have to consider the following principles: I will have to consider the relevance, reliability, Validity, practicability and manageability of the assessment criteria (McMillan, 2009). Validity of the assessments ensures that the tasks and criteria of the assessments measure the ability of the students to attain the learning objectives at a suitable level. For example, I may not use an assessment criterion that has extreme expectations from students. The principles have to be reliable for the students and the teacher too. This means that there ought to be a consistency in achievement of the objectives amongst students. The assessment criteria have to be transparent and clear. For example, the criteria have to be straight to the point without bringing confusion. They also have to be relevant to the objective and manageable (McMillan, 2009). Formative Assessment Formative assessment refers to the assessment conducted throughout the program, with an aim of establishing students’ progress and attainment during learning. This usually involves qualitative feedback for both

Behavioral and Social Learning Approaches Personality Assessment Essay

Behavioral and Social Learning Approaches Personality Assessment - Essay Example In social learning, behavior is developed through the adaptation of behaviors that are mimicry of the behaviors that one is exposed to within one’s social environment. One of the more controversial, and by today’s standards, unethical experiments in behaviorism was conducted by John B. Watson on a subject he called â€Å"Little Albert†. Watson proposed that a natural and innate response that an infant would experience to loud noise was fear. Watson introduced a white rat into an area where an 11-month old infant was sitting. The child did not exhibit a natural fear of the rat and attempted to reach for it and interact with the rat. Then Watson would introduce the rat and at the same time strike an iron bar with a hammer in order to evoke a response. As predicted, when the rat would be let into the area with the child, the child would then automatically begin to cry, associating the rat with the fear he had felt at the disruptive loud noise (Slee, 2002, p. 57). very quickly, creating the association that relates to the response. The concept that an internal process does not associate with the way in which a person responds does not seem to be accurate as it discounts the importance of decision. The way in which one decides to respond may not be under full control, but that does not mean that it is not done through a series of decisions. As in the example of ’Little Albert’, his thought process could be, ’I see the rat’, I like the rat, but when the rat shows up, a loud noise that I don’t like is present’. Behaviorism suggests that the response is solely instinctual and developed as a pure response to stimulus. Gabriel Tarde developed social learning laws of imitation in order to explain behavior. The laws were: 1. Imitation occurs through proximity to others, 2. Imitation flows from the superior to the inferior, and 3. New ideas can become part of the fabric of culture as the customs become imbedded, while others

Influences of Conformity and Obedience Paper Essay

Influences of Conformity and Obedience Paper - Essay Example But while conformity and obedience may be relatively easily defined, their incidences in various situations are not. Conformity and Obedience Defined Conformity generally entails group members changing their minds to suit the attitudes and opinions of the majority. Here we must also include the concept of compliance in understanding the nature of eventual obedience, since compliance is only slightly different from conformity in that in being compliant one must [consciously] adapt his or her actions to another’s wishes or rules. While the former has less to do with personality than choice, the latter requires of its subject a particular personality that allows them to yield. Obedience, on the other hand, requires the acknowledgment of authority and one’s acquiescence to it. Thus a compliant individual may not necessarily or automatically be inclined to conform, although studies have shown â€Å"†¦those that conform tend to be obedient and compliant† (Constabl e, Schuler, Klaber & Rakauskas 1999, par. 1-2). Solomon Asch: Group Pressure and Conformity Social psychologist Solomon Asch’s early (1951) experiments on group pressure and conformity, and ultimately his conclusions provide an interesting and sometimes disturbing clinical view of how humans pressured by the group perceive themselves in relationship to their environment and others. Much of what Asch concludes through the experiments links directly to psychological disorders prevalent in studies conducted over time. Therapies suggested for such disorders and favored by given psychologists often differ, undoubtedly due to what has been described above as differences in personalities that prompt unreasoning conformity, obedience or disobedience, or both. The conduct of Asch’s study was fairly straightforward. Ache showed students in groups of eight to ten--all of whom except one in each group had been coached beforehand to pick the wrong answer on twelve of the eighteen c ards. Each card had a group of three bar lines on the right, and one bar line. Students were asked to pick one bar from a series of three on the right that best matched the one bar on the left. Most subjects were told to deliberately give the wrong answer. Asch arranged the questioning so that most wrong answers would be given before the test subject in the group made his or her decision. The results were significant and according to Zimbardo and Gerrig (2010): â€Å"50 and 80 percent†¦conformed with the false majority estimate†¦a third†¦yielded to the majority’s wrong judgments on half or more of the critical trials† (p. 550). The results prompted Asch, according to age-of-the sage.org (n.d) to conclude: "The tendency to conformity in our society is so strong that reasonably intelligent and well-meaning young people are willing to call white black. This is a matter of concern. It raises questions about our ways of education and about the values that gui de our conduct" (par 7). What this says about our desire not to be different, but to conform with our peers is significant. What it may say in some cases about the role of obedience in this behavior is, according to Berg and Bass (1961) citing Champney (1941), pertinent. The significance of parental attitudes and behavior on the subsequent conformity found in their children†¦suggested that when parents tend to dominate their children, restraining the children's efforts to solve some of

Segregation of Schools on the Basis of Gender Research Paper

Segregation of Schools on the Basis of Gender - Research Paper Example Smyth (47) observes that several countries, including Australia, New Zealand, and Ireland, continue to have a sizeable number of single-sex schools, where boys and girls receive education at separate classrooms. However, some of the educational centers vehemently turn down any possibility for the mixing of genders at schools. Consequently, they recommend and enforce segmentation of the children on the basis of their gender. In few of the most developed countries, such as the UK, USA, Canada, and India, the students obtain learning classes under one roof without their segregation on a gender basis. The co-educated schooling is actually exercised on the foundation of the Title IX of the U.S. Education Amendments as of 1972, which vehemently outlawed discrimination on the basis of sex in educational programmes receiving federal funds (Halpern et al.) Thus, the U.S. law absolutely rejects the possibility of segregating the schooling of the children in the light of their gender difference s. Theorists maintain different opinions about the co-education and segregated patterns of education for adolescents and young students. Some of the critics declare segregation of educational centers on gender basis as strictly against the norms, values, traditions, and customs which have been prevailing in the contemporary world for the last several decades. They also cite the example of the division of society on the basis of race, ethnicity, and religion, where people get their children admitted to the schools that belong to their own ethnic-racial background. They stick to the opinion that segregation of boys and girls at schools not only paves the way towards the further splitting up of the already divided society but also disables the young generation from comprehending the challenges they are to undergo as professionals in future. The supporters of co-education schooling declare segregation of the students on the basis of gender as strictly against the principles of gender eq uality. Since the statutes of law condemn the practicing of any ethnic, racial, religious or gender discrimination, depriving the children of getting admission into the schools of their choice is absolutely against the basic rights the Human Rights Charter bestows upon them. Since all boys and girls are free to enjoy their human rights and their potential as individuals in economic, socio-cultural, civil and public life, no law can forbid them to enter into the learning process of their choice altogether. In addition, since boys and girls are to become partners at domestic and career life, they have to be able to enter into decisions making in collaboration with one another so that to secure peace and harmony in their homes, communities, and societies. Schools have an important role to play in preparing girls and boys to listen and communicate effectively with each other in order to build this respectful partnership (UNESCO, 2007). Thus, since men and women are to perform all obliga tions and activities, in political, economic, social and cultural fields, they should learn to behave with each other under healthy and competitive environment principles.

Hispanis Americans and the United States Research Paper

Hispanis Americans and the United States - Research Paper Example However, apart from that parameter they share considerable differences among themselves to be identified as separate groups with regards to the different countries to which they belong to. Political Issues of the Hispanic Groups Mexicans The Mexican Americans distinguish themselves from the larger American race owing to separate immigration and labor policies held in America. Further, the implementation of treaties like North Atlantic Free Trade Agreement also makes their positions easily distinguishable. Moreover, the constitutional rights of the Mexican Americans are also infringed through the construction of separate schools for Mexican children which are mostly poorly funded. Mexican Americans are increasingly taking resort to political activities to gather voice for protesting on social issues though on temporal basis (Schaefer, 2006, pp.242, 246, 265). Cubans The Cuban population in United States of America reflects a much better position than other Hispanic groups. These group s of people turn out to be the fortunate ones to be able to complete their education till the college level. These immigrants unlike other Hispanics like Mexicans have formed their own political party to raise their voices against America’s policy in bettering relations with Cuba. However, Cubans like Mexicans adore the Spanish language which relates them to the Hispanic groups (Schaefer, 2006, p.250). ... Moreover these Hispanic groups unlike Hispanic races like Mexicans gained the opportunity for making mass scale immigration to United States. Common to the Mexican population is the high level of illegal immigrants occupied the American region (Schaefer, 2006, p.251-252). Puerto Ricans Puerto Ricans unlike other Hispanic groups have self political identities where they can elect their own governors and constitute a separate homeland distinct from the United States. Henceforth, this Hispanic group enjoys the power of citizenship in America. The Puerto Rico immigrants are highly scrutinized on matters of other Hispanics entering as Puerto Ricans to enjoy constitutional rights. Puerto Ricans share a commonality with other Hispanic groups in using Spanish language as their own distinct language in America (Schaefer, 2006.pp.268-270). Action of Political Parties on increase Hispanic presence The growth of Hispanic population in the United States has led to their increased political presen ce. Moreover, the policies of the American government have also supported the growth of the Hispanic voters. The ballot system has been made bilingual to help the Hispanic population cast their votes. However, the above activities failed to have a considerable impact on the voting rights of the Hispanic groups for a maximum of them were found ineligible for being non-citizens. The Democrats in United States are taking a fresher look to draw in more Hispanic votes in their constituencies (Schaefer, 2006, p. 245; Marger, 2008). Social and Economic Issues of the Hispanic Groups Mexicans The Mexican Americans in United Kingdom have varied economic positions. Some have access to potential land resources while a majority turned out to become poor farmers who are regarded by Americans as

The question is the topic Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

The question is the topic - Essay Example This will teach children to resolve manageable problems by assuming responsibility. Part of self-reliance means learning from mistakes therefore,parents must encourage the children more to keep going when things go wrong from the consequences of their action. Bibliotherapy is also an effective way to raise their awareness and is useful in resolving behavior problems by means of reading current events to them(Miller, 2010, 260). Delaying gratification of children also helps to develop their personal responsibility and good impulse control. Impulse control is theability to wait or be patient in order to obtain something they want.Another critical aspect that parents must consider while making their kids self-reliant and personally developed is to allow children to think independently and on their own. If children fail in their attempts leading to the right answersbut eventually find the right solutions for a given problem, praise them for their success and achievement. Generally, parents’ behaviors are often the child’s model of self-reliance and children demonstrated this role modeling by their own actions as well.All parents want their kids to perform and achieve better in their lives, and one definite way to help them is to let parents know the importance of being independent and to execute values learned among

The right to a free education Essay Example for Free

The right to a free education Essay Is one of the dearest rights that we, as Americans, have in this country. People from the four corners of the world, come to America to be educated and to benefit from the many advances that the American public and private educational systems offer in this country. Until recently, this did not expand to those children with developmental disabilities. As a Special Education teacher, I have seen first hand, the benefits of inclusion; not just for the individuals themselves, but also for the students within the classroom. In doing so, the school can adhere to the popular and effective principle of implementing diversity in the classroom and teaches those involved, that different does not mean bad or inferior. Inclusion offers the individual, the best possible opportunity to learn and to be assimilated into society and the community. The individual learns that he or she is just as good as everybody else and has many of the same hopes and dreams that their peers have within the classroom. Also, if it is in the best interest of the student, once he has become an adult, to enter into a group home, their efforts towards community integration, which is the goal of nearly every group home facility in this country, to have a background of inclusion. These early years are the most critical for the individual and any efforts at dissuading the parent or guardian of the student, will reap bitter rewards and will further serve as an impediment to the learning process of the individual, perhaps for his entire life. The school system focuses on one aspect of the education of an individual. Morals and ethics are no longer taught in our schools and the student, once he or she graduates from high school, their education is void of any real life experiences. Students today find themselves book smart but lack the ability to implement those skills into real life situations. One way that the school system can reverse this is through the inclusion of developmentally disabled individuals. Many times, it is the success or the failure of the individual which is paramount in deciding in whether or not inclusion for the individual is in her best interest. It is important that this remains the case. However, in a class room setting, there are twenty to thirty individuals who stand to gain a great deal through the inclusion of a special needs child within their classroom. When in college, I worked at a group home for mentally handicapped adults. There was a series of homes in the neighborhood which houses between eight and sixteen individuals with special needs. Since many of the individuals were middle aged, and therefore had not enjoyed the benefits of inclusion, their social skills with people in their own community, was poor at best. Also, the problem was two fold as the neighbors within these communities, fought hard to keep these group homes out of their areas. This was hard to believe as I found my experiences very favorable and quickly made friends with people who very much wanted to be my friend and treasured it as one of the more important aspects of their life. Therefore, I could not understand how others would see these lovely and friendly individuals as threats to their happiness and safety. In the few years that I worked at these group homes and the additional years in which I kept in contact with these valuable friends, I never heard or witnessed any incident where the feelings of the neighbors were justified. What did become clear, was that the xenophobia which was the source of such, almost hatred, towards some of the most friendly and peaceful people that I had ever known. In talking with some of the people in the neighborhood, I quickly realized that their lack of contact with members of the developmentally disabled population was the chief motivating factor in their rudeness towards the residents of this group home. Their experiences were not unique at all as many of the same stories were shared by friends and co workers who worked at other homes. Their experiences mirrored mine to an alarming degree. In the same way one may look at an individual of another race with hatred or some level of prejudice, mostly due to their lack of involvement with members of that particular race or ethnic group, so too is the result of those who have had little to no contact with members of the DD population. Inclusion helps to combat this problem to a great degree. This is one of the most helpful and practical results of inclusion. It not only helps the individual, but to a larger degree, helps introduce students to those who are different. This does not mean that the individual is to be put on display to be laughed at or to be made to feel inferior. Not at all! When children are associated with people of different ethnicities and abilities, both mental and physical, it is to their benefit in the long run. Most of the psychologists agree; Behavior is learned. Therefore, it behooves the majority, not.